![]() For Agents and Patients, there is strong evidence for abstract role categories and a universal bias to distinguish the two roles. We pose these questions for a variety of roles and find that the answers depend on the role. We address this debate by posing two critical questions: to what extent do humans represent events in terms of abstract role categories, and to what extent are these categories shaped by universal cognitive biases? We review a range of literature that contributes answers to these questions: psycholinguistic and event cognition experiments with adults, children, and infants typological studies grounded in cross-linguistic data and studies of emerging sign languages. The status of thematic roles such as Agent and Patient in cognitive science is highly controversial: To some they are universal components of core knowledge, to others they are scholarly fictions without psychological reality. ![]()
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